CTSO-C13g 救生衣

日

日期：2024 年 9 月 29局长授权

批准：

中国民用航空技术标准规定

本技术标准规定根据中国民用航空规章《民用航空材料、零部件和机载设备技术标准规定》（CCAR37）颁发。中国民用航空技术标准规定是对用于民用航空器上的某些航空材料、零部件和机载设备接受适航审查时，必须遵守的准则。

救生衣

1. 目的

本技术标准规定（CTSO）适用于为救生衣申请技术标准规定项目批准书（CTSOA）的制造人。本 CTSO 规定了救生衣为获得批准和使用适用的 CTSO 标记进行标识所必须满足的最低性能标准。

2. 适用范围

本 CTSO 适用于自其生效之日起提交的申请。

a ． 自本 CTSO 生效之日起，欲获得救生衣 CTSOA 的申请人应按照本 CTSO 提交申请。但如果自本 CTSO 生效之日起六个月内，申请人能够向局方表明在新版本生效前一直按照以前版本的最低性能标准进行研制，可以按以前版本的 CTSO 提交申请。

b ． 自本 CTSO 生效之日起，按以前版本 CTSO 获得 CTSOA 的设备可以按批准时的规定继续制造。

c．按本 CTSO 批准的设备，其设计大改应按 CCAR-21 第 21.353条要求重新申请 CTSOA。

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CAAC CTSO-C13g

3. 要求

在本CTSO 生效之日或生效之后制造并欲使用本CTSO 标记进行标识的救生衣应满足美国汽车工程师学会（SAE）航空航天标准（AS） 1354《单人充气救生衣》（2016.2.24）中的要求，以及按本 CTSO 所做的修订。

a. 功能

本 CTSO 的标准适用于预期作为救生衣的设备。

b. 功能鉴定

应按 SAE AS1354《单人充气救生衣》，以及本 CTSO 附录 1 和附录 2 所做的修订后的试验条件，证明设备性能满足要求。

c. 环境鉴定

应按 SAE AS 1354《单人充气救生衣》，以及本 CTSO 附录 1 所做的修订，采用适用于该设备的标准环境条件和试验程序，证明设备满足最低性能标准要求的性能。

d. 偏离

如果采用替代或等效的符合性方法来满足本 CTSO 规定的最低性能标准要求，则申请人必须表明设备保持了等效的安全水平。申请人应按照 CCAR-21 第 21.368 条（一）要求申请偏离。

4. 标记

a. 至少应为一个主要部件设置永久清晰的标记，标记应包括CCAR-21 第 21.423 条（二）规定的所有信息以及 SAE 航空航天标准（AS）1354《单人充气救生衣》第 3.18 节要求的所有附加标记。

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b. 应为以下部件设置永久清晰的标记，标记至少包括制造人名称、组件件号和 CTSO 标准号：

（1）所有容易拆卸（无需手持工具）的部件；

（2）制造人确定的设备中可互换的所有组件。

5. 申请资料要求

申请人必须向负责该项目审查的人员提交相关技术资料以支持设计和生产批准。提交资料包括 CCAR-21 第 21.353 条（一）1 规定的符合性声明和以下资料副本。

a. 手册。包含以下内容：

（1）使用说明和设备限制，该内容应对设备使用特性进行充分描述。

（2）对所有偏离的详细描述。

（3）安装程序和限制。必须确保按照此安装程序安装设备后，设备仍符合本 CTSO 的要求。限制必须确定任何特殊的安装要求，还必须以注释的方式包含以下声明：

“本设备满足技术标准规定中要求的最低性能标准和质量控制标准。如欲安装此设备， 必须获得单独的安装批准。”

（4）原理图、布线图，以及设备安装所必需的其它文件。

（5）设备的可更换部件清单（注明件号）。如适用，包括对供应商件号的交叉索引。

b. 持续适航文件，包含设备周期性维护、校准及修理要求，以保证救生衣的持续适航性。如适用，应包括建议的检查间隔和使用寿

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命。如果检查间隔和使用寿命受到存储和运行条件（即温度、湿度等）的影响，按需要给出不同的要求。

c. 铭牌图纸，规定设备如何标识本 CTSO 第 4 节所要求的标记信息。

d. 确定设备中所包含而未按照本 CTSO 第 3 节进行评估的功能或性能（即：非 CTSO 功能）。在获得 CTSOA 的同时非 CTSO 功能也一同被接受。接受这些非 CTSO 功能，申请人必须声明这些功能，并在 CTSO 申请时提供以下信息：

（1）非 CTSO 功能的描述，如性能规范、失效状态类别、软件、硬件以及环境鉴定类别。还应包括一份确认非 CTSO 功能不会影响设备对本 CTSO 第 3 节要求符合性的声明。

（2）安装程序和限制，能够确保非 CTSO 功能满足第 5.d.(1)节所声明的功能和性能规范。

（3）第 5.d.(1)节所描述非 CTSO 功能的持续适航要求。

（4）接口要求和相关安装试验程序，以确保对第 5.d.(1)节性能资料要求的符合性。

（5）（如适用）试验大纲、试验分析和试验结果，以验证 CTSO设备的性能不会受到非 CTSO 功能的影响。

（6）（如适用）试验大纲、试验分析和试验结果， 以验证第5.d.(1)节描述的非 CTSO 功能的功能和性能。

e. 按 CCAR-21 第 21.358 条要求提供质量系统方面的说明资料，包括功能试验规范。质量系统应确保检测到可能会对 CTSO 最低性能

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标准符合性有不利影响的任何更改，并相应地拒收该产品。

f. 材料和工艺规范清单。

g. 定义设备设计的图纸和工艺清单（包括修订版次）。

h. 制造人的 CTSO 鉴定报告，表明按本 CTSO 第 3 节完成的试验结果。

i. 识别本 CTSO 中的所有要求并制定符合性方法表，确定提交的技术数据文件能够表明本 CTSO 的所有要求。

6. 制造人资料要求

除直接提交给局方的资料外，还应准备如下技术资料供局方评审：

a. 用来鉴定每件设备是否符合本 CTSO 要求的功能鉴定规范；

b. 设备校准程序；

c. 原理图；

d. 布线图；

e. 材料规范和工艺规范；

f. 按本 CTSO 第 3.c 节要求进行的环境鉴定试验结果；

g. 如果设备包含非 CTSO 功能，必须提供第 6.a 节至第 6.f 节与非 CTSO 功能相关的资料。

7. 随设备提交给用户的资料要求

a. 如欲向一个机构（例如运营人或修理站）提交一件或多件按本 CTSO 制造的设备，则应随设备提供本 CTSO 第 5.a 节和第 5.b 节的资料副本，以及设备正确安装、审定、使用和持续适航所必需的资

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料。

b. 如果设备包含已声明的非 CTSO 功能，则还应包括第 5.d.(1)

节至第 5.d.(4)节所规定资料的副本。

8. 引用文件

a ．SAE 文件可从以下地址订购：

Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.

400 Commonwealth Drive, WARRENDALE, PA 15096-0001, USA也可通过网站 www.sae.org 订购副本。

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附录 1 功能和环境鉴定要求

附录 1 修改了美国汽车工程师学会（SAE）航空航天标准（AS） 1354《单人充气救生衣》（2016 年 2 月 24 日发布）的文本。必须遵守修改后的文本才满足本 CTSO 的要求。

（AS）1354：

修改为：

第一节

忽略

第二节

除下列忽略或修改的部分，其余部分采用原标准要求：

第 4 页，用以下文字代替第2.1 小节：

2.1 适用文件

以下指定的出版物内容构成本标准的一部分。

除非另有说明，引用出版物的适用性应以本标准生效之日为准。

如果本标准文本与引用内容存在冲突，则以本标准的文本为准。除

非获得豁免，否则本标准中的任何内容均不能代替适用的法律和规章。

第 6 页，第2.3 小节，除以下定义替换为新内容，其余采用原标准定义。

批准：符合 CAAC 标准的设备。

冻手测试方法：模拟紧急情况下，手可能在冷且湿的环境中出现灵活性下降的测试方法。一名未经训练的测试者同时将左前臂、右前臂和手掌浸入 10 °C（50 °F）的冷水中 2 分钟，手从冷水中出来后立即尝试打开/操作指定的包装/设备。测试对象应该是健康的并穿着宽松的无袖上衣，不会阻止血液流向手臂和手。（替代方法：戴手套测试方法）

座椅间距：座椅上任意一点到前/后座椅同一个点之间的距离。

测试对象：参加救生衣试验的人员（例如穿戴试验、紧固试验以及漂浮试验）。所有参试人员都应该不具备相关经验，即他们没有使用救生衣或进行相关装备测试的经验，他们不得观看或与其他从事相同或类似活动的人交谈。具有使用航海或船舶救生衣经验的人员是可接受的测试对象。

第三节

第 7 页，第 3 节，用以下内容替换引言：

3.设计和性能要求

为表明符合本标准要求的试验和测量设备，应以原设备制造商（OEM）的规范进行设备校准，使用公认机构发布的标准和参考（例如，美国国家标准与技术研究院，NIST）。测试结果的描述应包括测量的准确度和精度，例如， 以 5kg 的增量测量，精度为±0. 10kg。

所有需要计时的测试都应使用时间编码视频。另外，对于以受试者或婴儿/幼儿试验假人为对象的试验应使用时间编码视频。

本 TSO 不涉及用于演示的救生衣，演示用救生衣不可用于救生，且应该有相应的标记。

第 10 页，用以下文字代替第 3.9 节：

3.9 穿戴试验

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应进行穿戴试验以证明设计符合要求以及标记的可理解性。穿戴救生衣的程序应简单明了，以便未经训练的人可以在没有任何帮助的情况下迅速穿上。试验应根据 5.3 中的标准和程序进行。

对于成人和成人—儿童类型的救生衣，应证明至少 75％的测试对象，以及 5.3.1 中规定的每个年龄组中至少 60％的测试对象，可以在没有协助的情况下，25 秒内穿上救生衣，从包装好的救生衣放在受试者膝上开始计时。还必须证明，成人在无人协助的情况下，可以在 30 秒内为另一位成人或儿童穿上对应的救生衣。

对于儿童和婴幼儿，应由 5 名 20 至 40 岁的成年男性和女性作为测试对象，至少 60％的测试对象在无协助的情况下，可以在 90 秒内，为一名体重在 15.88 公斤和 40.82 公斤（35 磅至 90 磅）之间的儿童穿上儿童救生衣，以及可以在 90 秒内，为一个婴幼儿假人穿上婴幼儿救生衣，用包装好的救生衣开始试验。

穿戴时间测试不适用于穿戴者在飞机上需要持续完整穿戴的救生衣。

穿戴时间测试适用于穿戴者在飞机上需要部分穿戴，且救生衣充气或入水前需要额外穿着程序的救生衣。

对于这类部分穿戴设计的救生衣，在事先可穿戴部分已经穿着完成的情况下开始试验。

第 10 页，用以下文字代替第 3.10 节：

3.10 紧固

成人、成人—儿童与儿童救生衣紧固在穿戴者身上的扣紧方式不超过一个附件，并仅有一种调整合身的方式。此要求不适用于持续穿着的救生衣。紧固方式不得采用打结。救生衣的紧固装置除扣紧和调整合身外，不需要采取其他任何措施（例如，拆除橡皮筋，松开连接点）保持紧固。部分穿戴式救生衣在穿戴者已经穿上可穿部分后，不得要求穿戴者使用超过一个以上的附件紧固，或超过一种调整合身的方式。

救生衣的紧固装置应表明可在 5 秒内用冻手或戴手套的手完成操作（例如，扣紧/松开扣，打开/关上等）。依据 5.4.2 中的冻手或戴手套测试方法进行试验。该要求不适用于穿着者在飞机上需要持续完整穿戴的救生衣。

成人、成人—儿童与儿童救生衣应保持充气和紧固，并且在开展 5.4节的试验时不会导致穿戴者受伤。救生衣不会因为跳水导致任何损坏。穿戴者皮肤擦伤不算受伤。

婴幼儿类救生衣应保持充气和完好无损，采用 5.3.2 规定婴幼儿假人，穿上救生衣并适当紧固，由成人抱持并按照 5.4.3 进行试验。

第 11 页，用以下文字替换第 3.11.2 小节：

3.11.2 婴幼儿

救生衣应为穿戴的头部和上部躯干（即从腰部以上）提供最小热阻R 值为 0.25 的表面隔离保护（相当于约 2mm 的潜水服面料）。还应有除打结之外的方式来限制救生衣与穿着者的相对位置，并提供适当的功能防止穿着者无意释放限制装置。应提供装置以防止水的流入和/或储存，应根据 5.5.2 中的漂浮姿态试验程序进行验证。

第 11 页，用以下文字代替第 3.13 小节：

3.13 婴幼儿救生衣系绳

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婴幼儿救生衣上应系有 PIA-C-5040 的 3 型系绳或类似系绳，至少1828mm（72 英寸）长。系绳连接处应使得在水中拉紧绳子时，保持 3.11.2中规定的漂浮姿态。系绳连接处应能承受 31.75 千克（70 磅）的拉力至少 3 秒，而不会损坏系绳或连接结构。

系绳的自由端应连接有漂浮装置。使用湿冷的手操作漂浮装置，采用冻手或戴手套测试方法。试验必须按照第 5.9 小节进行验证。在使用时应有用于绑扎或固定系绳的装置，以使其易于接近并且不会松散地悬挂。

第 11 页，用以下文字代替第 3.14 小节：

3.14 救生定位灯

救生衣应配备符合 2017 年 10 月 17 日 CTSO-C85b“救生定位灯”要求的救生定位灯。一旦穿戴者完全穿上救生衣在初次入水时定位灯应自动启动，而不需要采取额外措施。 灯的位置应能增强从水面上的船舶或飞机上观察的可视性。

第 12 页，用以下文字代替第 3.17.2 小节：

3.17.2 打开包装

救生衣打开包装应按 5.7 中的打开包装试验程序进行验证。

第12页，替换第3.18.1节

3.18.1使用说明

正确的穿戴步骤和其他操作说明应简单明了，并应以图形方式呈现，配以最少的文字说明。通常在救生衣穿戴之后进行的操作说明应当有合适的位置，使穿戴者本人或协助儿童及婴幼儿穿戴的人在水中时可以看到说明。使用说明应具备合适的大小、位置和背景对比，使具有视力 5.0（标准对数视力表）的人，在照度不超过 0.54 勒克司（0.05 英尺烛光），并且观看距离在 609.6 mm（24 英寸）下易于阅读和理解。 书面说明书应使用至少 5.6mm（0.22 英寸）高的粗体字，笔划宽度至少为1.2mm（0.047 英寸）。可理解性应按照 5.8 中的可理解性测试程序进行验证。

第四节

第13页，用以下文字替换第4.2.1小节：

4.2.1透气性

在按照 5.6.3 进行测试时，在 25 °C（77 °F）下，用于气囊的材料

应在 24 小时内对氦气的最大透气性为 5L/m2。

第15页，用以下文字代替第5.1.2小节：

5.1.2超压

救生器应满足 3.4 中规定的超压时的最小浮力要求。通过吹气充气管将每个气囊充气至 6.89kPa（1psig），然后手动操纵气瓶释放装置给每个气囊充气。将救生衣浸入 21.1 °C±2.8 °C（70 °F±5 °F）的淡水中，何一部分都不得低于水面以下 609.6 mm（24 英寸）”。测量浮力以表明符合表 1 中的适用要求。保持救生衣浸没至少 8 小时，之后应表明满足或超过表 1 中的要求。

或者，如果在四次连续的 30 分钟间隔内进行的浮力测量表明救生衣的浮力稳定在表 1 中规定的值或以上，则可在不到 8 小时内停止试验。

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第15-16页，用以下文字替换第5.3.1小节：

5.3.1测试对象

在成人或成人—儿童救生衣的测试中应使用至少 25 名测试对象。

至少有五位测试对象分别来自以下年龄组：20 至 29 岁；30 至 39 岁； 40 至 49 岁；50 至 59 岁；和 60 至 69 年。任何年龄组中的同性别测试对象人数不超过 60％。任何年龄组的测试对象数量不得超过测试对象总数的 30％。

儿童穿戴试验应由至少 5 名年龄在 20 至 40 岁之间的男女成年测试对象进行。测试应使用体重在 15.88 和40.91 千克（35 到 90 磅）之间的儿童进行。

婴幼儿穿戴试验应至少由五名年龄在 20 至 40 岁之间的男女成人测试对象进行。测试应使用符合 5.3.2 的婴幼儿假人进行。

成人测试对象没有充气救生衣穿戴试验经验。测试对象不熟悉充气救生衣的制造，生产或维护。

除了附录 D—穿戴试验简介中关于使用救生衣的常规简介和飞行前视频简介外，测试对象不应收到任何其他的穿戴说明。儿童和婴幼儿类救生衣的说明应是由客舱乘务员为航班上陪同儿童或婴儿的父母/监护人的典型简介。可以通知测试对象（在测试前的简要介绍期间）这是一个定时试验，他们的任务是在第 3.9 小节规定相应时间范围内穿上救生衣。

此外，救生衣的安装、操作和维护说明也应反映本 CTSO 的第 5.a节的要求。操作说明必须报告模拟飞行前简报的详细内容以及独特设计操作方面的特殊说明，这些说明应考虑用于操作和持续性能。

第16页，用以下文字代替第5.3.3小节：

5.3.3试验准备

成人、成人—儿童或儿童救生衣测试中的测试对象应坐在事先批准的飞机训练舱座椅上，在测试对象前面有一排座位，座位间距不超过787.4mm（31 英寸）。测试对象每排应坐一位。所有受试者应系好安全带。

婴幼儿救生衣穿着测试应与成年测试对象一起进行，该测试对象将婴儿抱在膝盖上，坐在另外两名成人受试者之间，这些受试者不得协助或妨碍进行穿着测试的测试对象。成人测试对象应穿着自己的救生衣。

第16页，用以下文字代替第5.3.4小节：

5.3.4试验程序

穿着测试信号开始时，包装好的救生衣放在测试对象的膝盖上，或者对于持续穿戴的救生衣，测试开始时，应将可穿戴部分穿好。当救生衣正确穿戴，紧固并调整合身时，停止计时（调整装置应调整以适合测试对象）。进行测试时应拍摄视频；应单独记录每位测试对象的穿着时间。

第16页，在5.4中添加两个新的小节，文字如下：

5.4.2紧固机构试验

使用冻手或戴手套测试方法验证救生衣紧固机构的可操作性（参见

2.3 定义）。5 位测试对象中至少有 4 位应在 5 秒内使用紧固机构（例如，

- 10 -

扣紧/松开）。在需要其他参与者的情况下，每次演示的测试参与者总数的 75％必须在允许的时间内完成紧固机构试验。

5.4.3婴幼儿救生衣

婴幼儿类救生衣应保持充气和完好无损，穿着并紧固在 5.3.2 中规定婴幼儿假人上，并由成人抱持跳入水中，跳水高度高于水面 1.52 米（5英尺）的高度。进行该测试时成人应穿上充气救生衣。

第17页，用以下文字代替第5.6.2小节：

5.6.2易燃性

救生衣及其包装应由符合 CCAR-25-R4，附录 F，第 I 部分要求的材料制成。被定义和使用为不会对火灾蔓延产生重大影响小部件（例如，吹气充气管，夹子等），必须要提交该资料获得局方批准。

第17页，用以下文字代替第5.6.3节：

5.6.3透气性

按照美国联邦标准 FTMS 191，方法 5460 中的透气性测试程序或者ASTM D1434-82 测试，可以使用程序 V），渗透仪应根据使用的气体进行校准。

第18页，用以下文字代替第5.7.1小节：

5.7.1开启力

打开救生衣包装开启机构所需的拉力应在验证不超过 40 N（9 磅），或者用 10 位 60 岁以上的女性，在无需预览说明的情况下，至少有 8 位在不到 7 秒的时间内开启来进行验证。当测试对象双手放在包装上，准备打开时开始计时，并在包装完全打开结束时（例如，完全取下开口条 /带）停止计时。除非通常是包装设计的一部分，否则不应在撕裂边缘引入缺口或切口。如需额外参与者，每次试验必须有占总数的 75％测试对象在允许的时间内开启包装。

第18页，用以下文字代替第5.7.2小节：

5.7.2包装打开机构操作试验

开包机构的操作应在由 10 位女性，其中至少有 8 位在 10 秒开启进行验证，采用冻手或戴手套方式模拟手的灵活性降低，不需要预览说明。当测试参与者双手放在包装上准备打开时开始计时，并在救生衣完全从包装中取出时结束计时。如需额外参与者，每次试验必须有占总数的75％测试对象在允许的时间内开启包装。

第18页，用以下文字替换第5.8小节：

5.8可理解性

可理解性应由 6 位测试对象独立进行试验，证明至少5 位测试对象能够成功理解。使用开放式答案格式（参见 ANSI Z535 或 ISO 9186：2001中的示例）和/或成功的设备或特征实际操作演示。

第18页，使用以下文字新增到第5.9节：

5.9系绳连接试验

验证婴幼儿救生衣的系绳连接装置，可在冻手或戴手套测试下（参见 2.3 定义）进行操作。至少有 5 位测试对象中至少有 4 位的测试对象能够正确使用救生衣系绳连接装置。如需额外参与者，每次试验必须有占总数的 75％测试对象成功完成试验。该试验可以在陆地上进行。

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注意：连接方式应以符合其设计使用的方式进行验证；应该连接在预先设计的装置上。

附录A

无修改

附录 B

附录 C

第24页，将附录C替换为本CTSO的附录2测试对象。

请参见最后一页的附录2。

第25页，添加新的附录D，文本如下：附录D—穿戴试验简报

您必须使用以下文本进行穿戴试验简报。对于协助穿戴试验，按 3.9中规定替换对应的穿着时间。对设计成在飞行时可部分穿戴的持续穿戴救生衣，文字可以修改。

通用简报：

您正在参与乘员安全研究，以确定穿戴飞机救生衣所需的时间。你坐在一个类似于飞机乘员的座椅上；请系好安全带（暂停直到所有安全带都系好）。

该试验将模拟实际航班紧急情况；你的目标是在 25 秒或更短的时间内尽快穿上救生衣。您的动作将被摄像机记录。

测试开始时，试验指示人员会说：“3、2、1、开始！” 这是打开包装并穿上救生衣上的信号。

在试验简报之后，将播放模拟飞机乘员信息简报的视频。视频播放完以后，您将获得救生衣包。

[可选：在视频播放之前，请查看安全信息卡，了解有关穿上救生衣的其他说明。]

起飞前视频简报：

该测试将模拟实际航班紧急情况；你的目标是在 25 秒或更短的时间内尽快穿上救生衣。测试开始时，试验指示人员会说：“3、2、1、开始！”, 这是打开包装并穿上救生衣上的信号。

穿上救生衣的方法：

l 拉出标签，撕开包装。

l 从包装袋中取出救生衣。

l 将救生衣穿过头部。

l 向下拉紧救生衣至腰部。

l 扣好卡扣，拉动腰带末端以系紧腰带。

l 完成后举起手臂。

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附录 2 测试对象

注：对于以受试者或婴幼儿试验假人为对象的试验应使用有时间编码的视频。

试验名称

章节

试验对象

穿戴试验

5.3

成人或成人—儿童

5.3.1

— 最少25位成人

— 年龄组：20-29岁，30-39岁，40-49岁，50-59岁，60-69岁。（更多细节见5.3.1）

儿童

— 5位成人：年龄：20—40岁，男性和女性

— 5 位儿童： 每位儿童：

15.88-40.91kg（35-90磅。）

婴幼儿

5.3.2

— 5位成人：年龄：20-40岁，男性和女性

— 1个人体测量，婴幼儿测试假人或儿童

紧固试验

5.4

成人、成人—儿童和儿童

5.4.1

— 至少3位成人，包括至少1位5百分位女性和1位95百分位男性（按重量和头围测量）

冻手试验或戴手套试验方法

5.4.2

— 至少5位成人（见2.3）

5.4.3

— 1位成人抱持儿童测试假人或儿童（见5.3.2）

漂浮姿态试验

5.5

成人、成人—儿童或儿童

5.5.1

— 至少3位成人，包括至少1名5百分位女性和1位95百分位男性（按重量和头围测量）

打开包装试验

5.7

开启力（两种方法）

5.7.1

— 测力仪器不超过40N（9磅）

或

— 10位超过60岁的女性

包装打开机构操作试验

5.7.2

— 最少10位女性，采用冻手或戴手套试验方式模拟手部灵活性降低（见2.3）

可理解性

5.8

— 6位成人

系绳连接试验

5.9

— 至少5位成人

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Number：CTSO-C13g

Date of approval：September 29, 2024

Approved by：Xu Feng

China Civil Aviation Technical Standard Order

This China Civil Aviation Technical Standard Order (CTSO) is issued according to Part 37 of the China Civil Aviation Regulations (CCAR-37). Each CTSO is a criterion which the concerned aeronautical materials, parts or appliances used on civil aircraft must comply with when it is presented for airworthiness certification.

Life Preservers

1. Purpose.

This China Civil Aviation Technical Standard Order (CTSO) is for manufacturers applying for Life Preservers CTSO authorization (CTSOA). This CTSO prescribes the minimum performance standards(MPS) that Life Preservers must first meet for approval and identification with the applicable CTSO marking.

2. Applicability.

This CTSO affects new application submitted after its effective date. Major design changes to article approved under this CTSO will require a new authorization in accordance with section 21.353 ofCCAR-21.

3. Requirements

New models of life preservers identified and manufactured on or after the effective date of this CTSO must meet the requirements in SAE International Aerospace Standard (AS) 1354, Individual Inflatable Life

Preserver, dated February 2016, as modified by Appendix 1.

a. Functionality. This CTSO’s standards apply to equipment intended to function as life preservers.

b. Functional Qualification. Demonstrate the required functional performance under the test conditions specified in AS1354, Individual Inflatable Life Preserver, dated February 2016, as modified by Appendix 1 and Appendix 2.

c. Environmental Qualification. Demonstrate the required performance under the test conditions specified in AS1354, Individual Inflatable Life Preserver, dated February 2016, as modified by Appendix 1.

d. Deviations. For using alternative or equivalent means of compliance to the criteria in this CTSO, the applicant must show that the equipment maintains an equivalent level of safety. Apply for a deviation under the provision of 21.368（一） in CCAR-21.

4. Marking.

a. Mark at least one major component permanently and legibly with all the information in 21.423（二） of CCAR-21 and all additional marking required by AS1354 section 3.18.

b. Also, mark the following permanently and legibly, with at least the manufacturer’s name, subassembly part number, and the CTSO number:

(1) Each component that is easily removable (without hand tools); and,

(2) Each subassembly of the article that manufacturer determined may be interchangeable.

5. Application Data Requirements.

The applicant must furnish the responsible certification personnel with the related data to support design and production approval. The application data include a statement of conformance as specified in section 21.353（一）(1) in CCAR-21 and one copy each of the following technical data:

a. A Manual(s) containing the following:

(1) Operating instructions and equipment limitations sufficient to describe the equipment’s operational capability.

(2) Describe in detail any deviations.

(3) Installation procedures and limitations sufficient to ensure that the life preserver, when installed according to the installation or operational procedures, still meet this CTSO’s requirements. Limitations must identify any unique aspects of the installation. The limitations must include a note with the following statement:

“This article meets the minimum performance and quality control standards required by a CTSO. Installation of this article requires separate approval.”

(4) Schematic drawings, wiring diagrams, and any other documentation necessary for installation of the life preserver.

(5) List of replaceable components, by part number, that makes up the life preserver. Include vendor part number cross-references, when applicable.

b. Instructions covering periodic maintenance, calibration, and repair, for the continued airworthiness of the life preserver. Include recommended inspection intervals and service life, as appropriate. If appropriate, differentiate the required inspection intervals and service life if affected by storage and operating conditions (i.e., temperature, humidity, etc.)

c. A drawing depicting how the article will be marked with the information required by paragraph 4 of this CTSO.

d. Identify functionality or performance contained in the article not evaluated under paragraph 3 of this CTSO (that is, non-CTSO functions). Non-CTSO functions are accepted in parallel with the CTSO authorization. For those non-CTSO functions to be accepted, the applicant must declare these functions and include the following information with CTSO application:

(1) Description of the non-CTSO function(s), such as performance specifications, failure condition classifications, software, hardware, and environmental qualification levels. Include a statement confirming that

the non-CTSO function(s) don’t interfere with the article’s compliance with the requirements of paragraph 3.

(2) Installation procedures and limitations sufficient to ensure that the non-CTSO function(s) meets the declared functions and performance specification(s) described in paragraph 5.d.(1).

(3) Instructions for continued performance applicable to the non-CTSO function(s) described in paragraph 5.d.(1).

(4) Interface requirements and applicable installation test procedures to ensure compliance with the performance data defined in paragraph 5.d.(1).

(5) Test plans, analysis and results, as appropriate, to verify that performance of the hosting CTSO article is not affected by the non-CTSO function(s).

(6) Test plans, analysis and results, as appropriate, to verify the function and performance of the non-CTSO function(s) as described in paragraph 5.d.(1).

e. The quality system description required by section 21.358 of CCAR-21, including functional test specifications. The quality system should ensure that it will detect any change to the approved design that could adversely affect compliance with the CTSO MPS, and reject the article accordingly.

f. Material and process specifications list.

g. List of all drawings and processes (including revision level) that define the article’s design.

h. Manufacturer’s CTSO qualification report showing results of testing accomplished according to paragraph 3 of this CTSO.

i. A compliance matrix identifying all of the requirements in this CTSO and identification of the technical data on file at the manufacturer which substantiates compliance with each CTSO requirement.

6. Manufacturer Data Requirements.

Besides the data given directly to the authorities, have the following technical data available for review by the authorities:

a. Functional qualification specifications for qualifying each production article to ensure compliance with this CTSO.

b. Article calibration procedures.

c. Schematic drawings.

d. Wiring diagrams.

e. Material and process specifications.

f. The results of the environmental qualification tests conducted according to paragraph 3.c of this CTSO.

g. If the article contains non-CTSO function(s), you must also make available items 6.a through 6.f as they pertain to the non-CTSO function(s).

7. Furnished Data Requirements.

a. If furnishing one or more articles manufactured under this CTSO to one entity (such as an operator or repair station), provide one copy or on-line access to the data in paragraphs 5.a and 5.b of this CTSO. Add any other data needed for the proper installation, certification, use, or for continued compliance with the CTSO, of the life preserver.

b. If the article contains declared non-CTSO function(s), include one copy of the data in paragraphs 5.d.(1) through 5.d.(4).

8. Availability of Referenced Documents.

Order SAE documents from:

400 Commonwealth Drive, WARRENDALE, PA 15096-0001, USA

You may also order them online from the SEA Internet website at: www.sae.org.

Appendix 1. Functional and Environmental Qualification Requirements

Appendix 1 modifies the text in SAE International’s Aerospace Standard (AS) 1354, Individual Inflatable Life Preserver, dated February 2016. Compliance to the modified text is mandatory in order to comply with the requirements of this CTSO.

When Reading

AS1354

Do the following:

Section 1

Disregard

Section 2

Apply all subsections unless disregarded or modified below:

Page 4, replace subsection 2.1, with the following text:

2.1 Applicable Documents

The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The applicable issue of cited publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the publication of this document, unless otherwise specified. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.

Page 6, subsection 2.3, apply as written, except replace the definition of the following terms with the new text.

APPROVED: The status of equipment that meets CAAC standards.

CHILLED HANDS TEST METHOD: A technique to simulate the reduced dexterity of chilled, wet hands that may occur during an emergency in a cold and wet environment. A naïve test subject simultaneously submerges left and right forearms and hands in 50 °F (10 °C) water for 2 minutes and immediately upon removal attempts to open/operate designated packaging/equipment. The test subject shall be healthy and wear a loose-fitting, sleeveless upper garment that will not inhibit blood-flow to the arms and hands. (Alternate: GLOVED HANDS TEST METHOD)

SEAT PITCH: The distance from any point on one seat to the exact same point on the seat in front or behind it.

TEST SUBJECTS: Individuals who participate in life preserver tests (e.g., donning, retention, flotation). All such personnel shall be naive; i.e., they shall have had no experience using a life preserver or specific equipment to be tested, and they shall not have viewed or talked with other persons performing the same or similar activities. Note that individuals, who have experience using marine or boating life preservers, are considered acceptable test subjects.

Section 3

Page 7, Section 3., replace the introductory text with the following:

3. DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

Tests and measurements performed to demonstrate compliance with this standard shall be conducted with equipment calibrated according to the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) specifications, using standards and references traceable to a recognized authority (e.g., National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST). The description of test results shall include the accuracy and precision of the measurement(s), e.g., measured in 5 pound increments with accuracy of ±0.10 pounds.

All tests requiring timing shall use time encoded video. In addition, tests requiring human subjects or a child test dummy, shall use time encoded video.

Demonstration life preservers are not addressed by this CTSO. They are not intended to be functional and should be marked accordingly.

Page 10, replace subsection 3.9, with the following text:

3.9 Donning

Donning tests shall be performed to show compliance with design requirements and comprehensibility of markings. The procedure for donning the life preserver shall be simple and obvious such that it can be rapidly donned by an untrained person without any assistance. This shall be demonstrated in accordance with the test criteria and procedures in 5.3.

For the adult and adult-child category, it shall be demonstrated that at least 75% of the total number of test subjects, and at least 60% of the test subjects in each age group specified in 5.3.1, can don the life preserver within 25 seconds, unassisted, starting with the packaged life preserver on the test participant’s lap. It must also be demonstrated that an adult unassisted can

install an appropriate life preserver on another adult or child within 30 seconds.

For the child and infant-small child, it shall be demonstrated that at least 60% of five adult test subjects of both sexes between the ages of 20 and 40, unassisted, can install a child life preserver on a child weighing between 35 and 90 pounds (15.88 and 40.82 kg) and an infant-small child life preserver on a child dummy within 90 seconds, unassisted, starting with the packaged life preserver.

The donning-time test does not apply to constant wear life preservers that are intended to be fully donned by the wearer while onboard the aircraft. The donning-time test does apply to constant wear life preservers that are intended to be partially donned by the wearer while onboard the aircraft and require an additional donning procedure prior to inflating the life preserver or entering the water. For these partially donned life preserver designs, the test shall begin with the life preserver in the partially donned condition.

Page 10, replace subsection 3.10, with the following text:

3.10 Retention

The means of retaining the life preserver on the wearer for an adult, adult-child, and child life preserver shall require that the wearer secure no more than one attachment and make only one adjustment for fit. This requirement does not apply to constant wear life preservers. The retention means shall not make use of knots. The means of retaining the life preserver shall not require any action to secure other than fastening and fit adjustment (e.g., removal of rubber bands, unfastening of attachment points). Partially donned life preservers shall not require the wearer to secure more than one attachment or make more than one adjustment for fit after the life preserver is partially donned.

The means of retaining the life preserver shall be shown to be operable with chilled or gloved hands within 5 seconds (e.g., fastening/unfastening buckles, snapping/unsnapping, etc.). This will be demonstrated in accordance with the Chilled Hand or Gloved Hands Test Methods in 5.4.2. This requirement does not apply to constant wear life preservers that are intended to be fully donned by the wearer while onboard the aircraft.

The adult, adult-child, and child category life preserver shall remain inflated, secured, and not cause injury to a wearer when tested in accordance with 5.4. There shall be no damage to the life preserver as a result of the jump. Chafing of the wearer’s skin shall not be considered an injury.

The infant-small child category life preserver shall remain inflated and undamaged, and the infant-small child dummy, specified in 5.3.2, shall remain properly secured in the donned life preserver, while being held by an adult and tested in accordance with 5.4.3.

Page 11, replace subsection 3.11.2 with the following text:

3.11.2 Infant-Small Child

The life preserver shall provide insulation for the wearer’s head and upper torso (i.e., from the waist up) with a minimum R-value of 0.25 (equivalent to approximately 2 mm wetsuit fabric). There shall be a means, other than knots, to restrict the position of the life preserver relative to the wearer, so as to provide proper function and prevent the wearer from releasing the restricting means. Means shall be provided to prevent the introduction and/or entrapment of water. This shall be demonstrated in accordance with the Flotation Attitude test procedure in 5.5.2.

Page 11, replace subsection 3.13 with the following text:

3.13 Tether, Infant-Small Child Category

A tether of PIA-C-5040, Type 3 cord or equivalent, at least 72 inches (1828.8 mm) long, shall be attached to the infant-small child life preserver. The attachment shall be located such that the flotation attitude specified in 3.11.2 is maintained when the line is held taut in the water. The attachment shall be shown to withstand a 70 pound (31.75 kg) pull for at least 3 seconds without failure of the line or the attachment.

A positive-buoyancy attachment means shall be provided at the free end of the tether. The attachment means shall be shown to be operable with cold, wet hands, using either the Chilled Hands or Gloved Hands Test Method. This must be demonstrated in accordance with subsection 5.9. There shall be a provision for stowing or securing the tether during use so that it remains readily accessible and does not dangle loosely.

Page 11, replace subsection 3.14 with the following text:

3.14 Survivor Locator Light

The life preserver shall be equipped with a survivor locator light meeting the requirements of CTSO-C85b, Survivor Locator Lights, dated October 17,

2017. The light shall automatically activate upon initial immersion in the water or by other means not requiring additional action by the wearer once the life preserver is fully donned. The light shall be located so to enhance visibility from a surface vessel or from an aircraft.

Page 12, replace subsection 3.17.2, with the following text:

3.17.2 Package Opening

Package Opening shall be demonstrated in accordance with the Package Opening test procedures in 5.7.

Page 12, replace subsection.3.18.1

3.18.1 Instructions

The proper donning procedure and other operational instructions shall be simple, obvious, and shall be presented pictorially with minimum use of words. Instructions pertaining to operations normally accomplished after the life preserver has been donned shall be oriented so that the wearer, or the person assisting a child or an infant-small child wearer, can see them while in the water. Instructions shall be sized, positioned, and contrasted with the background to make them easily readable and comprehensible at a viewing distance of 24 inches with illumination no greater than 0.05 ft-c (0.54 lux) by a person having 20/20 vision. Written instructions shall use bold lettering at least 0.22 inches (5.6 mm) high with a stroke width of at least 0.047 inches (1.2 mm). Comprehensibility shall be demonstrated in accordance with the Comprehensibility test procedure in 5.8.

Section 4

Page 13, replace subsection 4.2.1 with the following text:

4.2.1 Permeability

Materials used in the construction of the air holding cell shall have a maximum permeability to helium of 5 L/m2 in 24 hours at 77 °F (25 °C) when tested in accordance with 5.6.3.

Section 5

Page 15, replace subsection 5.1.2 with the following text:

5.1.2 Overpressure

The life preserver shall meet the minimum buoyancy requirements defined in 3.4 when subjected to overpressure. Inflate each flotation chamber via the oral inflation tube to 1 psig (6.89 kPa), then manually actuate the discharge of the gas reservoir for each chamber. Submerge the life preserver in 70 °F ± 5 °F (21.1 °C ± 2.8 °C) fresh water, so that no part of it is less than 24 inches (60.96 cm) below the surface of the water. Measure the buoyancy to show compliance with the applicable requirement in Table 1. Maintain submersion of the life preserver for at least 8 hours, after which time it shall be shown to meet or exceed the requirement in Table 1.

Alternatively, the test may be discontinued in less than 8 hours if buoyancy measurements taken at four successive 30-minute intervals show that the buoyant force of the life preserver has stabilized at or above the value specified in Table 1.

Pages 15-16, replace subsection 5.3.1 with the following text:

5.3.1 Test Subjects

At least 25 test subjects shall be employed in tests of an adult or adult-child preserver. At least five of those test subjects shall be from each of the following age groups: 20 to 29 years; 30 to 39 years; 40 to 49 years; 50 to 59 years; and 60 to 69 years. No more than 60% of the test subjects in any age group may be of the same sex. The number of test subjects in any age group may not exceed 30% of the total number of test subjects.

Child donning tests shall be performed by a minimum of 5 adult test subjects of both sexes between the ages of 20 and 40. Tests shall be performed using a child weighing between 35 and 90 pounds (15.88 and 40.91 kg).

Infant-small child donning tests shall be performed by a minimum of five adult test subjects of both sexes between the ages of 20 and 40. Tests shall be performed using an articulating infant-small child dummy per 5.3.2.

Adult test subjects shall have no experience with inflatable life preservers or donning tests. Test subjects shall not be familiar with the manufacture, production, or maintenance of inflatable life preservers.

Test subjects shall receive no donning instructions other than the general introduction briefing and preflight video briefing on the use of the life preserver per Appendix D – Donning Test Briefings. Instructions for the child and infant-small child category life preserver shall be the typical briefing given to a parent/guardian accompanying a child or infant on a flight

by a flight attendant. Test subjects may be informed (during the pre-test introduction briefing) that this is a timed test, and that their task is to don the life preserver within the applicable timeframe specified in subsection 3.9.

Furthermore, per paragraph 5.a. of this CTSO, the installation, operating and maintenance instructions shall also reflect the requirements of this section. The operating instructions must report the detailed content of the simulated preflight briefing and any special instructions for unique aspects of the design operation that should be considered for operational use and continued performance.

Page 16, replace subsection 5.3.3 with the following text:

5.3.3 Arrangement

Subjects in tests of an adult, adult-child, or child life preserver shall be seated in previously approved air carrier coach class seating, with a seat row in front of the test subjects, creating a seat pitch not exceeding 31 inches (78.74 cm). Subjects shall be seated one per row. All subjects shall have their seat belts fastened.

Infant-small child life preserver donning tests shall be performed with the adult test subject holding the infant on his lap, seated between two other adult subjects who shall not assist or hamper the test subject performing the donning test. The adult test subject shall be wearing his own life preserver.

Page 16, replace subsection 5.3.4, with the following text:

5.3.4 Procedure

The donning test shall start on signal with the packaged life preserver held on the test subject’s lap, or for a constant wear life preserver, the test shall start in the partially donned configuration. Timing stops when the life preserver is properly donned, secured, and adjusted for fit (the means of adjustment shall be adjusted for a snug fit on the test subject). Donning tests shall be video captured; separate timing shall be recorded for each individual subject.

Page 16, add two new subsections to 5.4, with the following text:

5.4.2 Retention Mechanism Test

Demonstrate the operability of the life preserver retention mechanism using either the Chilled Hands or Gloved Hands Test Method (see 2.3 Definitions).

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At least 4 out of 5 test subjects shall secure the life preserver retention

mechanism (e.g.,fasten then unfasten) within 5 seconds. In cases for which additional participants are required, 75% of the total number of test

participants for each demonstration must complete the retention mechanism task within the allowed time.

5.4.3 Infant-Small Child Life Preserver

The infant-small child category life preserver shall remain inflated and

undamaged, and the infant-small child dummy, specified in 5.3.2, shall

remain properly secured in the donned life preserver, while being held by an adult who jumps into the water from a height of 5feet (1.52 m) above the

water. The adult shall wear an inflated life preserver for this test.

Page 17, replace subsection 5.6.2 with the following text:

5.6.2 Flammability

The life preserver and package shall be constructed of material meeting the requirements of CCAR-25-R4, Appendix F, Part I. The definition and use of parts that are considered small parts (e.g., oral inflation tubes, clips, etc.) that would not contribute significantly to the propagation of afire must be approved in advance by the authorities to which this CTSO data is to be submitted.

Page 17, replace subsection 5.6.3 with the following text:

5.6.3 Permeability

The permeability shall be tested in accordance with the Permeability test procedure in FTMS 191, Method 5460 or alternatively, ASTM D1434-82, Procedure V may be used. The permeameter shall be calibrated for the gas used.

Page 18, replace subsection 5.7.1 with the following text:

5.7.1 Pull Force

The pull force necessary to operate the opening mechanism shall be

mechanically demonstrated not to exceed 9 pounds (40 N), or opening shall be demonstrated in less than 7 seconds by at least 8 of 10 females over the age of 60, without preview of instructions. Timing shall start when the test participant has both hands on the package, ready to open, and end when the package is fully opened (e.g., the pull tab/strip is completely removed). A

nick or cut shall not be introduced in the edge of the material at the tear line

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unless it is normally a part of the package design. In cases for which

additional participants are required, 75% of the total number of test

participants for each demonstration must complete package opening within the allowed time.

Page 18, replace subsection 5.7.2 with the following text:

5.7.2 Operation of the Opening Mechanism

Operation of the opening mechanism shall be demonstrated within 10

seconds by 8 of 10 females with reduced dexterity simulated by the

chilled-hands or gloved-hands, and without preview of instructions. Timing shall start when the test participant has both hands on the package, ready to open, and end when the life preserver is fully removed from the package. In cases for which additional participants are required, 75% of the total number of test participants for each demonstration must complete package opening within the allowed time.

Page 18, replace subsection 5.8 with the following text:

5.8 Comprehensibility

Comprehensibility shall be demonstrated by five out of six test subjects,

tested independently, using open-ended-answer format (see examples in

ANSI Z535 or ISO 9186:2001) and/or successful empirical demonstration of equipment or feature.

Page 18, add new subsection 5.9 with the following text:

5.9 Tether Attachment Test

Demonstrate that the attachment means, on the tether of the infant-small

child life preserver, is operable using either the Chilled Hands or Gloved

Hands Test Method (see 2.3 Definitions). At least 4 out of 5 test subjects

shall secure the life preserver attachment means. In cases for which

participants for each demonstration must complete the attachment task. This test may be performed on dry land.

NOTE: The attachment should be demonstrated in the manner it is designed to be used; it should be attached to something as designed.

Appendix A

No changes

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Appendix B

Appendix C

Page 24, replace Appendix C with Appendix 2 Tests Involving Subjects. See Appendix 2 on final page.

Page 25, add a new Appendix D, with the following text:

Appendix D - Donning Test Briefings

You must use the following scripts for the donning test briefing. For the

assisted donning tests, substitute the appropriate donning time requirement as specified in 3.9. The scripts may be modified as applicable for constant wear life preservers that are designed to be partially donned during flight.

General introduction briefing script:

You are participating in a passenger safety study to determine how long it takes toput on an aircraft life preserver. You are seated in a seat that is

similar to those found on passenger airplanes; please fasten your seatbelt [pause until all seatbelts are fastened].

The test will simulate an actual airline emergency; your goal is to put on the life preserver as quickly as possible within 25 seconds or less. Video

cameras will record your actions.

To start the test, your instructor will say, 3, 2, 1, go! This is your signal to open the package and put on the life preserver.

Following this introduction, a video of a simulated passenger information briefing will be presented. You will be handed your life preserver package, after the video.

[Optional: Before the video, please review the safety information card for additional instructions on putting on the life preserver.]

Preflight video briefing script:

This test will simulate an actual airline emergency; your goal is to put on the life preserver as quickly as possible within 25 seconds or less. To start the

test, your instructor will say, 3, 2, 1, go! This is your signal to open the package and put on the life preserver.

To put on your life preserver,

l Pull the tab and tear open the package.

l Remove the life preserver from the package.

l Pull the life preserver over your head.

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l Grab the waist strap and wrap it around your waist.

l Insert the clip into the buckle and pull the end of the waist strap to tighten the belt.

l Raise your arms when you are finished.

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Appendix 2. TESTS INVOLVING SUBJECTS*

*NOTE: Tests requiring human subjects or a child test dummy shall use time encoded video.

Test Name

Paragraph

Number of Subjects

Donning Test

Adult or Adult-Child

- 25 adults minimum

- Age groups: 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 yrs. (see 5.3.1 for more details)

Child

- 5 adults: Ages: 20-40 years, male and female

- 5 children: Each child: 35-90 lbs. (15.88-40.91kg.)

Infant-Small Child

- 1 anthropometric, infant-small child test dummy or child

Retention Test

Adult, Adult-Child, and Child

- 3 adults minimum, including at least one

5th percentile female and one 95th percentile male (measured by weight and head

circumference)

Chilled Hands or Gloved Hands Test Method

- 5 adults minimum (see 2.3)

- 1 adult holding child test dummy or child (see 5.3.2)

Flotation Attitude Test

Adult, Adult-Child, or Child

- 3 minimum, including at least one 5th percentile female and one 95th percentile male (measured by weight and head

Packaging Opening

Pull Force

(2 methods)

- Mechanical: not to exceed 9lbs (40N) OR

- 10 minimum, female, older than 60

Operation of the Opening Mechanism

-10 minimum, female with reduced dexterity simulated by chilled or gloved hands (see

2.3)

Comprehensibility

- 6 adults

Tether Attachment

- 5 adults minimum

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(The English version is for reference only. In case of any discrepancy or ambiguity of meaning between this English translation and the Chinese version, the latter shall prevail.)

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